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Your guide: Sir FarazBelieves a good tashreeh is half understanding, half good handwriting.
Pause for a moment. If He is hidden behind a hundred thousand veils, how is He also unveiled? Keep this question with you as you read.
Read the Hamd on p. 2 of your book first. Here is the poet, the shape of the poem, and the book's definitions.
Munshi Ameer Minai (1829–1900) was born in Lucknow in the reign of Nasir-ud-Din Haider, Shah of Awadh. His father was Maulvi Karam Muhammad.
He descended from Hazrat Makhdoom Shah Mina Lakhnavi (Rahmatullah Alaih), so he wrote “Minai” with his name.
He studied first with Mufti Saadullah Rampuri, then at the madrasa of Farangi Mahal. Munshi Muzaffar Ali Aseer corrected his poetry.
At twenty, Nawab Wajid Ali Khan Akhtar called him to his court. For forty-two years he was the teacher of the Nawabs of Rampur. Late in life Nawab Mirza Dagh called him to Hyderabad, where he fell ill and died.
He wrote in every form, but leaned most to ghazal and naat. In his naats, natural flow (aamad) wins over effort (aawurd), and there is simplicity, fluency, feeling and tenderness.
His works include Mirat-ul-Ghaib, Sanam Khana-e-Ishq and Mahamid-e-Khatam-un-Nabiyyin ﷺ, a tazkira named Intikhab-e-Yadgar, and the unfinished dictionary Ameer-ul-Lughat.
The Hamd is from Sanam Khana-e-Ishq. It has seven couplets; every couplet ends with the same words, “tu hai” (You are). The opening couplet (matla):
دُوسرا کون ہے جہاں تُو ہے
کون جانے تجھے کہاں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 1)
The book prints this same couplet as its example of a Hamd (p. 4). In couplet 4 the poet calls Him both host and guest:
میزباں تُو ہے، میہماں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 4)
The book's footnote: for the sake of the metre, “mehmaan” is written “mehimaan” here.
The last couplet (maqta) carries the poet's pen name, Ameer, and ends by calling Him the keeper of secrets:
جس کو کہتے ہیں رازداں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 7)
Hamd is an Arabic word meaning praise. As a term, a Hamd is a poem in which Allah Ta'ala is praised. It is a most respected form of poetry.
Naat also literally means praise; as a term, it is a poem in praise of Hazrat Muhammad Rasoolullah ﷺ.
Manqabat is an Arabic word for praise and excellence. It describes the virtues of the Ahl-e-Bait (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہم), the Sahaba (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہم), the saints and the elders of the faith.
Munajat is really another name for Hamd. A Hamd praises Allah Ta'ala; in a Munajat the poet asks his Lord for something, as a prayer or a plea.
Step 1 / 7
Pause for a moment. If He is hidden behind a hundred thousand veils, how is He also unveiled? Keep this question with you as you read.
Read the Hamd on p. 2 of your book first. Here is the poet, the shape of the poem, and the book's definitions.
Munshi Ameer Minai (1829–1900) was born in Lucknow in the reign of Nasir-ud-Din Haider, Shah of Awadh. His father was Maulvi Karam Muhammad.
He descended from Hazrat Makhdoom Shah Mina Lakhnavi (Rahmatullah Alaih), so he wrote “Minai” with his name.
He studied first with Mufti Saadullah Rampuri, then at the madrasa of Farangi Mahal. Munshi Muzaffar Ali Aseer corrected his poetry.
At twenty, Nawab Wajid Ali Khan Akhtar called him to his court. For forty-two years he was the teacher of the Nawabs of Rampur. Late in life Nawab Mirza Dagh called him to Hyderabad, where he fell ill and died.
He wrote in every form, but leaned most to ghazal and naat. In his naats, natural flow (aamad) wins over effort (aawurd), and there is simplicity, fluency, feeling and tenderness.
His works include Mirat-ul-Ghaib, Sanam Khana-e-Ishq and Mahamid-e-Khatam-un-Nabiyyin ﷺ, a tazkira named Intikhab-e-Yadgar, and the unfinished dictionary Ameer-ul-Lughat.
The Hamd is from Sanam Khana-e-Ishq. It has seven couplets; every couplet ends with the same words, “tu hai” (You are). The opening couplet (matla):
دُوسرا کون ہے جہاں تُو ہے
کون جانے تجھے کہاں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 1)
The book prints this same couplet as its example of a Hamd (p. 4). In couplet 4 the poet calls Him both host and guest:
میزباں تُو ہے، میہماں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 4)
The book's footnote: for the sake of the metre, “mehmaan” is written “mehimaan” here.
The last couplet (maqta) carries the poet's pen name, Ameer, and ends by calling Him the keeper of secrets:
جس کو کہتے ہیں رازداں تُو ہے (ص 2، شعر 7)
Hamd is an Arabic word meaning praise. As a term, a Hamd is a poem in which Allah Ta'ala is praised. It is a most respected form of poetry.
Naat also literally means praise; as a term, it is a poem in praise of Hazrat Muhammad Rasoolullah ﷺ.
Manqabat is an Arabic word for praise and excellence. It describes the virtues of the Ahl-e-Bait (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہم), the Sahaba (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہم), the saints and the elders of the faith.
Munajat is really another name for Hamd. A Hamd praises Allah Ta'ala; in a Munajat the poet asks his Lord for something, as a prayer or a plea.
Every couplet of this Hamd ends with “tu hai”. Following that refrain is the quickest way to find each answer in the poem.
Q1. Exercise 1 (i) (p. 3): In which couplet has the poet used a questioning style? Point it out.
The opening couplet (matla), couplet 1 on p. 2: both its lines ask a question with kaun.
Q2. Exercise 2 (iii) (p. 3): “mezbaan” and “mehimaan” are words that are…
Mutazaad (opposites). Exercise 9 pairs them the same way, with khalwat/jalwat, makaan/lamakaan, pinhaan/ayaan and nishaan/be-nishaan.
✗ “Correcting” mehimaan to mehmaan when you quote couplet 4.
✓ Copy it as printed. The footnote explains that mehimaan is written for the metre.
✗ Writing that Hamd and Munajat are exactly the same.
✓ The book: Munajat is another name for Hamd, but in a Munajat the poet asks his Lord for something.
✗ Naming Mahir-ul-Qadri as the poet of this Hamd.
✓ This Hamd is by Ameer Minai; the pen name Ameer is in the last couplet. Mahir-ul-Qadri wrote the Naat in lesson 2.
1. The poet of this Hamd is
(a) Exercise 2 (i). The pen name Ameer comes in the last couplet (p. 2).
2. “Tu hai khalwat mein, tu hai jalwat mein” means that Allah Ta'ala
(c) Exercise 2 (ii): solitude and company together mean everywhere (couplet 3, p. 2).
3. “Mezbaan” and “mehimaan” are
(d) Exercise 2 (iii): host and guest are opposites.
4. The words rang, chaman, boo and baaghbaan belong to which poetic device?
(b) Exercise 2 (v): words of one family (the garden) used together (couplet 6, p. 2).
5. This Hamd is taken from
(a) The source is printed under the poem (p. 2).
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