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Limiting reactant: the ingredient that runs out first

Your guide: Miss SanaCounts atoms the way you count rupees: carefully.

The problem

You have 30 kababs and five breads with 58 slices. Each sandwich needs one kabab and two slices. How many sandwiches? Not 30. The slices run out at 29, and one kabab sits there alone.

Reactions behave the same way. Chemists often add one reactant in excess on purpose, so that an expensive reactant gets used up completely. Plenty of oxygen also makes things burn faster.

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is used up first. It controls the amount of product formed. Once it is consumed, the reaction stops, and the other reactant is left over in excess.

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